Commercial Buildings Energy Modeling Guidelines & Procedures (MGP)
Table of Contents
- Commercial Buildings Energy Modeling Guidelines & Procedures (MGP)
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Overview
- 2 General Modeling Procedures
- 3 Software Requirements
- 4 Content and Format of Standard Reports
- 5 Energy Costs and Currency Specification
- 6 Building Decriptors Reference
- 6.1 Overview
- 6.2 Project Data
- 6.3 Thermal Blocks
- 6.4 Space Uses
- 6.5 Building Envelope Data
- 6.6 HVAC Zone Level Systems
- 6.7 HVAC Secondary Systems
- 6.8 HVAC Primary Systems
- 6.9 Miscellaneous Energy Uses
- 6.10 On-Site Power Generation
- 6.11 Common Data Structures
- 6.11.1 Schedule
- 6.11.2 Holidays
- 6.11.3 Surface Geometry
- 6.11.4 Opening Geometry
- 6.11.5 Opening Shade
- 6.11.6 Construction Assembly
- 6.11.7 Fenestration Construction
- 6.11.8 Material
- 6.11.9 Slab Construction
- 6.11.10 Exterior Surface Properties
- 6.11.11 Building Shade
- 6.11.12 Utility Rate
- 6.11.13 Occupant Heat Rate
- 6.11.14 Furniture and Contents
- 6.11.15 Reference Position in a Space
- 6.11.16 Two Dimensional Curve
- 6.11.17 Three Dimensional Curve
- 6.11.18 Temperature Reset Schedule
- 6.11.19 Photovoltaic (PV) Panel
- 6.11.20 Contact
- 7 Advanced Modeling Tips
- 7.1 Challenging Building Types
- 7.2 Design Features
- 7.2.1 Automatically Controlled Window Shades
- 7.2.2 Active Chilled Beams
- 7.2.3 Dedicated Outside Air Systems (DOAS)
- 7.2.4 Displacement ventilation
- 7.2.5 Gas Engine Driven Heat Pumps
- 7.2.6 Ground Source Heat Pumps
- 7.2.7 Ice Storage Air Conditioners
- 7.2.8 Radiant Heating and/or Cooling
- 7.2.9 Switchable glazing
- 7.2.10 UFAD
- 7.2.11 Variable Refrigerant Flow
- Download Appendices
List of Figures
- Figure 2.2.1-1: Hierarchy of Space Functions, HVAC Zones and Thermal Blocks
- Figure 2.4-1: Calculation Process for Tax Deductions and Green Building Ratings
- Figure 2.5.2-1: Procedure for Adjusting Equipment HVAC Sizes in the Baseline Building
- Figure 3.3.3-1: Prototypes B1 and C1
- Figure 3.3-1: Prototype Buildings for Modeling Assumptions and Baseline Building Tests
- Figure 3.3.2-1: Prototypes A1, A3 and A20
- Figure 3.3.4-1: Prototype D Floor Plans
- Figure 3.3.4-2: Prototype D Exterior View
- Figure 4.2.2-1: COMNET High Level Report Structure
- Figure 4.2.1-1: Information Flow
- Figure 4.2.2-2: Building Summary Report Structure
- Figure 4.2.2-3: Energy Efficiency Measure Report Structure
- Figure 4.2.2-4: Energy Results Report Structure
- Figure 4.2.2-5: Sample end use in Energy Results Report Structure
- Figure 4.2.2-6: Representation Report Structure
- Figure 4.2.2-7: Project Data data type
- Figure 4.2.2-8: LEED Project Data data type
- Figure 4.2.2-9: EPA Rating Type data type
- Figure 4.2.2-10: Address Type and Contact Type - used in the Building Summary report
- Figure 4.2.2-11: Stakeholder Type – used in the Building Summary and Representation report
- Figure 4.2.2-12: Sub-Space Type – used in the Building Summary report
- Figure 4.2.2-13: Virtual RateType – used in with LEED Online reporting
- Figure 4.2.2-14: Energy Efficiency Measure Type
- Figure 4.2.2-15: Energy Use And Demand – used in Energy Results Report
- Figure 4.2.2-16: Energy Results Type – used in Energy Results Report
- Figure 4.2.2-17: Energy Results Breakdown Type – used in Energy Results Report
- Figure 4.2.2-18: Energy Cost Summary – in Energy Results report, used in LEED Online Reporting
- Figure 4.2.2-19: Exceptional Calculation Type and Onsite Renewable Type – used in LEED Online Reporting
- Figure 4.2.2-20: Rep Type and Representation Type – used in Representations Report
- Figure 4.2.2-21: Advisory Messages Type and Override Explanation Type
- Figure 4.3.1-1: Sample of First Building Summary Page, Generated by Software
- Figure 4.3.2-1: Sample of First Energy Measures Page, Generated by Software
- Figure 4.3.3-1: Sample First Page, Energy Results, Generated by Software
- Figure 4.3.4-1: Sample Second Page, Representations, Generated by Software
- Figure 4.3.3-2: Sample of Second Page, Energy Results, Generated by Software
- Figure 4.3.1-2: Sample of Second Building Summary Page, Generated by Software
- Figure 5.2-1: United States Climate Zones
- Figure 6.1.1-1: Information Flow
- Figure 6.1.2-1: HVAC Mapping
- Figure 6.2.2-1: Percent Savings Method Equation
- Figure 6.4.4-1: Example Stepped Daylighting Control
- Figure 6.4.4-2: Example Dimming Daylight Control
- Figure 6.7.2-1: SAT Cooling Setpoint Reset based on Outdoor Air Temperature (OAT) for Dry (B) and Marine (C) Climates
- Figure 6.7.2-2: SAT cooling setpoint reset based on outdoor air temperature for humid 'A' climates
- Figure 6.7.2-3: Example of SAT heating setpoint reset based on outdoor air temperature (OAT).
- Figure 6.8.2-1: Chilled Water Supply Temperature Reset Schedule
List of Tables
- Table 1.1-1: Differences in Calculation Procedures by Original Purposes
- Table 3.2.1-1: Spreadsheets for Verifying Standard 140 Tests
- Table 3.3.1-1: Summary of Analyses for Modeling Assumptions and Baseline Building Tests
- Table 3.3.4-1: Prototype D Surface Areas
- Table 3.3.4-2: Prototype D Lighting and Equipment Power
- Table 5.2-1: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 1A
- Table 5.2-2: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 2A
- Table 5.2-3: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 2B
- Table 5.2-4: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 3A
- Table 5.2-5: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 3B (LA)
- Table 5.2-6: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 3B
- Table 5.2-7: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 3C
- Table 5.2-8: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 4A
- Table 5.2-9: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 4B
- Table 5.2-10: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 4C
- Table 5.2-11: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 5A
- Table 5.2-12: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 5B
- Table 5.2-13: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 6A
- Table 5.2-14: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 6B
- Table 5.2-15: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 7
- Table 5.2-16: Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 8
- Table 5.3-1: Source Energy Conversion Factors ($/kBtu)
- Table 6.4.7-1: Unit Energy Consumption Data for Elevators, Escalators and Moving Walkways
- Table 6.4.5-1: Nominal Mean Power for Surveyed Devices
- Table 6.4.6-1: USDOE Requirements for Refrigerated Casework (kWh/d)
- Table 6.4.3-1: Lighting Power Allowances for Retail Display Lighting
- Table 6.4.5-2: Credits for Energy Efficient Equipment
- Table 6.4.6-2: Default Power for Walk-In Refrigerators and Freezers (W/ft²)
- Table 6.4.3-2: Light Heat Gain Parameters for Typical Operating Conditions
- Table 6.4.5-3: Multipliers for Energy Efficient Equipment (1 – Credit)
- Table 6.4.3-3: Power Adjustment Factors
- Table 6.5.8-1: Baseline Building C-factor Criteria for Below-Grade Walls
- Table 6.5.9-1: Baseline Building F-factor Criteria for Slab-on-Grade Floors
- Table 6.5.6-1: Baseline Building U-factor Criteria for Doors
- Table 6.5.7-1: Baseline Building Criteria for Vertical Glazing for 90.1 2001
- Table 6.5.4-1: Baseline Building R-value and U-factor Criteria for Walls
- Table 6.5.5-1: Baseline Building R-value and U-factor Criteria for Exposed Floors
- Table 6.5.3-1: Baseline Building R-value and U-factor Criteria for Roofs
- Table 6.5.8-2: Baseline Building Below-Grade Wall Construction Assemblies
- Table 6.5.7-2: Baseline Building Criteria for Vertical Glazing for 90.1 2007 and 90.1-2010
- Table 6.5.4-2: Baseline Building Wall Construction Assemblies
- Table 6.5.5-2: Baseline Building Exposed Floor Construction Assemblies
- Table 6.5.3-2: Baseline Building Roof Construction Assemblies
- Table 6.5.7-3: Baseline Building Criteria for Skylights
- Table 6.6.2-1: Baseline Building HVAC Terminal Devices
- Table 6.6.3-1: Baseline Building Terminal Heat Type
- Table 6.7.7-1: Liquid Desiccant Unit Performance Curves
- Table 6.7.1-1: Baseline Building System Type
- Table 6.7.3-1: Baseline Building Fan System – ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007
- Table 6.7.4-1: Baseline Economizer Control Type
- Table 6.7.5-1: Cooling Source for Baseline Building System
- Table 6.7.6-1: Heating Source for Baseline Building
- Table 6.7.3-2: Baseline Building Fan System – ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001
- Table 6.7.5-2: Cooling Capacity Curve Coefficients
- Table 6.7.6-2: Furnace Efficiency Curve Coefficients
- Table 6.7.3-3: Baseline Building Fan Control Method
- Table 6.7.5-3: Default Coil Bypass Factors
- Table 6.7.6-3: Heat Pump Capacity Adjustment Curves (CAP-FT)
- Table 6.7.3-4: Fan Curve Default Values
- Table 6.7.5-4: Coil Bypass Factor Airflow Adjustment Factor
- Table 6.7.6-4: Heat Pump Heating Efficiency Adjustment (Curves)
- Table 6.7.5-5: Coil Bypass Factor Temperature Adjustment Factor
- Table 6.7.5-6: Coil Bypass Factor Part Load Adjustment Factor
- Table 6.7.5-7: Cooling System Coefficients for EIR-FPLR
- Table 6.7.5-8: Cooling System Coefficients for EIR-FT
- Table 6.7.5-9: Baseline Building Condenser Type
- Table 6.7.5-10: Part Load Curve Coefficients – Evaporative Cooler Effectiveness
- Table 6.8.3-1: Default Capacity Coefficients – Cooling Towers
- Table 6.8.1-1: Default Minimum Unloading Ratios
- Table 6.8.2-1: Type and Number of Chillers
- Table 6.8.5-1: Default Part-Load CIRC-PUMP-FPLR Coefficients – VSD on Circulation Pump
- Table 6.8.2-2: Default Minimum Unloading Ratios
- Table 6.8.3-2: Default Efficiency TWR-FAN-FPLR Coefficients – VSD on Cooling Tower Fan
- Table 6.8.2-3: Default Capacity Coefficients – Electric Air-Cooled Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-4: Default Capacity Coefficients – Electric Water-Cooled Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-5: Default Capacity Coefficients – Fuel- & Steam-Source Water-Cooled Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-6: Default Efficiency EIR-FT Coefficients – Air-Cooled Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-7: Default Efficiency EIR-FT Coefficients – Water-Cooled Chiller
- Table 6.8.2-8: Default Efficiency EIR-FPLR Coefficients – Air-Cooled Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-9: Default Efficiency EIR-FPLR Coefficients – Water-Cooled Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-10: Default FIR-FPLR coefficients – Fuel- & Steam-Source Water-Cooled Absorption Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-11: Default FIR-FPLR coefficients – Engine Driven Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-12: Default FIR-FT coefficients – Fuel- & Steam-Source Water-Cooled Absorption Chillers
- Table 6.8.2-13: Default FIR-FT coefficients – Engine Driven Chillers
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Book Navigation
- Commercial Buildings Energy Modeling Guidelines & Procedures (MGP)
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Overview
- 2 General Modeling Procedures
- 3 Software Requirements
- 4 Content and Format of Standard Reports
- 5 Energy Costs and Currency Specification
- 6 Building Decriptors Reference
- 6.1 Overview
- 6.2 Project Data
- 6.3 Thermal Blocks
- 6.4 Space Uses
- 6.5 Building Envelope Data
- 6.6 HVAC Zone Level Systems
- 6.7 HVAC Secondary Systems
- 6.8 HVAC Primary Systems
- 6.9 Miscellaneous Energy Uses
- 6.10 On-Site Power Generation
- 6.11 Common Data Structures
- 6.11.1 Schedule
- 6.11.2 Holidays
- 6.11.3 Surface Geometry
- 6.11.4 Opening Geometry
- 6.11.5 Opening Shade
- 6.11.6 Construction Assembly
- 6.11.7 Fenestration Construction
- 6.11.8 Material
- 6.11.9 Slab Construction
- 6.11.10 Exterior Surface Properties
- 6.11.11 Building Shade
- 6.11.12 Utility Rate
- 6.11.13 Occupant Heat Rate
- 6.11.14 Furniture and Contents
- 6.11.15 Reference Position in a Space
- 6.11.16 Two Dimensional Curve
- 6.11.17 Three Dimensional Curve
- 6.11.18 Temperature Reset Schedule
- 6.11.19 Photovoltaic (PV) Panel
- 6.11.20 Contact
- 7 Advanced Modeling Tips
- 7.1 Challenging Building Types
- 7.2 Design Features
- 7.2.1 Automatically Controlled Window Shades
- 7.2.2 Active Chilled Beams
- 7.2.3 Dedicated Outside Air Systems (DOAS)
- 7.2.4 Displacement ventilation
- 7.2.5 Gas Engine Driven Heat Pumps
- 7.2.6 Ground Source Heat Pumps
- 7.2.7 Ice Storage Air Conditioners
- 7.2.8 Radiant Heating and/or Cooling
- 7.2.9 Switchable glazing
- 7.2.10 UFAD
- 7.2.11 Variable Refrigerant Flow
- Download Appendices
