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5.2 Geographic Regions

Default TOU energy costs are provided for 16 regions. These are consistent with the DOE/ASHRAE climate zones. Figure 5.2-1 below provides a map of the climate zones in the continental United States. Climate zone 1 is the tropical zone which includes Hawaii and the tip of Florida moving up to climate zone 8 which includes the northern arctic region of Alaska. Every county is in one unique climate zone.

There are 15 combinations of the 8 thermal zones and the 3 humidity zones. However, zone 3B is divided into two parts. Most of climate zone 3B is characterized by hot and dry summers; however, Los Angeles' climate is influenced by its coastal location. There are only five counties assumed to be in climate zone 3B (LA), Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange County, and San Diego. For each of the climate zones, the default TOU energy costs are shown in Table 5.2-1 through Table 5.2-16.

United States Climate Zones
Figure 5.2-1: "United States Climate Zones"

Table 5.2-1: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 1A"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 12-21 $2.85
Mid-Peak 9-11, 22-24 $0.91
Off-Peak 1-8 $0.85
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.85
Fall (September-November) Weekdays Peak 12-21 $1.13
Mid-Peak 8-11, 22-24 $0.81
Off-Peak 1-7 $0.77
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.77
Winter (December-February) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-23 $0.78
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.71
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.71
Spring (March-May) Weekdays Peak 13-21 $0.96
Mid-Peak 9-12, 22-23 $0.84
Off-Peak 24-8 $0.77
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.77
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $9.33
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.42
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $133.74
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $163.80
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.15
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.41

Table 5.2-2: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 2A"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-September) Weekdays Peak 14-21 $2.51
Mid-Peak 22-1, 11-13 $0.85
Off-Peak 2-10 $0.81
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.81
Fall (October-November) Weekdays Peak 13-23 $0.99
Mid-Peak 9-12 $0.78
Off-Peak 24-8 $0.75
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.75
Winter (December-February) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-22 $0.85
Off-Peak 23-7 $0.77
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.77
Spring (March-May) Weekdays Peak 13-22 $1.06
Mid-Peak 10-12, 23-24 $0.87
Off-Peak 1-9 $0.82
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.82
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.60
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.85
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $123.31
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $169.94
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.06
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.46

Table 5.2-3: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 2B"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 9-21 $2.47
Mid-Peak NA NA
Off-Peak 22-8 $0.74
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.74
Fall (September-November) Weekdays Peak 13-21 $0.94
Mid-Peak 11-12 $0.86
Off-Peak 22-10 $0.79
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.79
Winter (December-February) Weekdays Peak 7-9, 18-22 $0.92
Mid-Peak 10-13 $0.88
Off-Peak 23-6, 14-17 $0.82
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.82
Spring (March-May) Weekdays Peak 13-21 $0.89
Mid-Peak 10-12, 22-23 $0.80
Off-Peak 24-9 $0.74
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.74
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.37
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.78
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $120.05
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $168.88
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.03
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.45

Table 5.2-4: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 3A"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 12-19 $3.48
Mid-Peak 8-11, 20-23 $0.89
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.82
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.82
Fall (September-October) Weekdays Peak 12-20 $0.91
Mid-Peak 7-11, 21-22 $0.79
Off-Peak 23-6 $0.76
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.76
Winter (November-February) Weekdays Peak 6-11, 18-21 $0.84
Mid-Peak 12-17 $0.79
Off-Peak 22-5 $0.75
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.75
Spring (March-May) Weekdays Peak 12-21 $0.97
Mid-Peak 7-11 $0.88
Off-Peak 22-6 $0.77
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.77
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.90
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.95
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $127.61
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $171.38
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.10
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.47

Table 5.2-5: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 3B (LA)"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 13-19 $3.59
Mid-Peak 9-12, 20-23 $0.94
Off-Peak 24-8 $0.59
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.59
Fall (September-November) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 9-22 $1.40
Off-Peak 23-8 $0.71
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.71
Winter (December-March) Weekdays Peak 11-15, 18-22 $1.04
Mid-Peak 8-10, 16-17 $0.96
Off-Peak 23-7 $0.72
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.72
Spring (April-May) Weekdays Peak 12-18 $1.08
Mid-Peak 8-11, 19-23 $0.97
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.65
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.65
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.77
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.22
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $125.72
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $160.95
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.08
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.38

Table 5.2-6: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 3B"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-September) Weekdays Peak 14-20 $3.60
Mid-Peak 9-13, 21-22 $0.83
Off-Peak 23-8 $0.71
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.71
Fall (October-November) Weekdays Peak 17-21 $1.00
Mid-Peak 7-16 $0.95
Off-Peak 22-6 $0.83
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.83
Winter (December-February) Weekdays Peak 17-21 $0.91
Mid-Peak 7-16 $0.79
Off-Peak 22-6 $0.75
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.75
Spring (March-May) Weekdays Peak 12-21 $0.87
Mid-Peak 7-11 $0.81
Off-Peak 22-6 $0.73
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.73
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.90
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.83
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $127.68
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $169.57
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.10
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.46

Table 5.2-7: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 3C"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (July-September) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-11, 17-18 $1.53
Off-Peak 19-7, 12-16 $1.11
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $1.11
Fall (October-November) Weekdays Peak 9-20 $0.95
Mid-Peak 6-8, 21-23 $0.79
Off-Peak 24-5 $0.74
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.74
Winter (December-April) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-22 $1.29
Off-Peak 23-7 $0.77
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.77
Spring (May-June) Weekdays Peak 9-18 $1.01
Mid-Peak 7-8, 19-23 $0.75
Off-Peak 24-6 $0.66
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.66
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $9.36
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.18
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $134.26
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $160.36
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.15
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.38

Table 5.2-8: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 4A"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 12-20 $3.41
Mid-Peak 8-11, 21-23 $1.02
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.83
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.83
Fall (September-November) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 7-24 $0.88
Off-Peak 1-6 $0.72
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.72
Winter (December-February) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 7-20 $0.96
Off-Peak 21-6 $0.83
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.83
Spring (March-May) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-22 $0.95
Off-Peak 23-7 $0.77
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.77
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $9.07
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.99
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $130.05
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $171.95
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.12
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.48

Table 5.2-9: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 4B"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 11-20 $3.04
Mid-Peak 8-10, 21-22 $0.86
Off-Peak 23-7 $0.85
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.85
Fall (September-October) Weekdays Peak 12-20 $0.91
Mid-Peak 7-11, 21-22 $0.80
Off-Peak 23-6 $0.76
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.76
Winter (November-February) Weekdays Peak 18-22 $0.84
Mid-Peak 7-17 $0.81
Off-Peak 23-6 $0.75
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.75
Spring (March-May) Weekdays Peak 11-16, 19-21 $0.96
Mid-Peak 7-10, 17-18 $0.91
Off-Peak 22-6 $0.77
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.77
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.33
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.15
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $119.46
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $159.81
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.03
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.37

Table 5.2-10: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 4C"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 10-18 $2.25
Mid-Peak 7-9, 19-23 $0.96
Off-Peak 24-6 $0.64
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.64
Fall (September-October) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-23 $0.91
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.76
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.76
Winter (November-March) Weekdays Peak 8-12, 17-21 $1.52
Mid-Peak 13-16, 22-23 $0.95
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.76
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.76
Spring (April-May) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-23 $0.76
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.60
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.60
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $9.01
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.10
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $129.13
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $159.20
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.11
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.37

Table 5.2-11: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 5A"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 13-21 $3.08
Mid-Peak 10-12, 22-24 $1.05
Off-Peak 1-9 $0.76
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.76
Fall (September-October) Weekdays Peak 13-22 $1.07
Mid-Peak 9-12 $0.91
Off-Peak 23-8 $0.72
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.72
Winter (November-March) Weekdays Peak 18-22 $1.21
Mid-Peak 8-17, 23-24 $0.99
Off-Peak 1-7 $0.80
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.80
Spring (April-May) Weekdays Peak 12-20 $1.20
Mid-Peak 9-11, 21-24 $1.01
Off-Peak 1-8 $0.78
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.78
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.97
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.78
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $128.57
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $168.85
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.10
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.45

Table 5.2-12: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 5B"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 11-20 $2.69
Mid-Peak 8-10, 21-22 $0.81
Off-Peak 23-7 $0.76
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.76
Fall (September-October) Weekdays Peak 13-20 $0.71
Mid-Peak 6-12, 21-22 $0.61
Off-Peak 23-5 $0.54
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.54
Winter (November-March) Weekdays Peak 9-17 $1.10
Mid-Peak 7-8, 18-23 $1.07
Off-Peak 24-6 $0.93
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.93
Spring (April-May) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 7-22 $0.96
Off-Peak 23-6 $0.80
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.80
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.28
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $10.71
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $118.69
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $153.51
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.02
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.32

Table 5.2-13: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 6A"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 12-20 $3.32
Mid-Peak 9-11, 21-24 $0.97
Off-Peak 1-8 $0.78
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.78
Fall (September-October) Weekdays Peak 12-21 $1.11
Mid-Peak 8-11, 22-23 $0.84
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.80
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.80
Winter (November-March) Weekdays Peak 9-13, 18-22 $1.16
Mid-Peak 14-17 $1.00
Off-Peak 23-8 $0.83
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.83
Spring (April-May) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-23 $0.89
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.71
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.71
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.86
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.53
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $127.02
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $165.38
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.09
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.42

Table 5.2-14: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 6B"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 12-21 $2.27
Mid-Peak 8-11, 22-23 $0.79
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.76
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.76
Fall (September-October) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-18 $0.84
Off-Peak 19-7 $0.81
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.81
Winter (November-March) Weekdays Peak 8-11, 18-21 $1.44
Mid-Peak 12-17 $0.87
Off-Peak 22-7 $0.79
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.79
Spring (April-May) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 7-23 $0.86
Off-Peak 24-6 $0.80
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.80
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.32
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $10.63
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $119.26
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $152.40
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.02
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.31

Table 5.2-15: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 7"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 10-21 $2.48
Mid-Peak 7-9, 22-23 $0.77
Off-Peak 24-6 $0.62
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.62
Fall (September-September) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 8-21 $0.90
Off-Peak 22-7 $0.58
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.58
Winter (October-March) Weekdays Peak 8-13, 17-22 $1.28
Mid-Peak 14-16 $1.00
Off-Peak 23-7 $0.86
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.86
Spring (April-May) Weekdays Peak NA NA
Mid-Peak 7-21 $1.13
Off-Peak 22-6 $0.82
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.82
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $8.95
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.41
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $128.26
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $163.63
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.10
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.40

Table 5.2-16: "Energy Cost Specification by Season and TOU Period – Climate Zone 8"

Fuel Seasons Day Types Time Periods Hours in TOU Period (1-24) Present Value of Energy Cost
Electricity ($/kWh) Summer (June-August) Weekdays Peak 9-23 $0.78
Mid-Peak NA NA
Off-Peak 24-8 $0.65
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.65
Fall (September-September) Weekdays Peak 8-23 $0.79
Mid-Peak NA NA
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.68
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.68
Winter (October-April) Weekdays Peak 8-23 $1.61
Mid-Peak NA NA
Off-Peak 24-7 $0.81
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.81
Spring (May-May) Weekdays Peak 9-23 $0.77
Mid-Peak NA NA
Off-Peak 24-8 $0.64
Weekends/Holidays Off-Peak 1-24 $0.64
Gas ($/therm) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $9.20
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $11.56
Steam ($/Mlb) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $131.93
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $165.76
Chilled Water ($/ton-hr) Low Demand Season (April-October) All All 1-24 $1.13
High Demand Season (November-March) All All 1-24 $1.42